COVID-19 Pandemic-Induced Disruptions and Implications for National Food Security and Farm Incomes: Farm-Level Evidence from Indian Punjab

By using the data from a primary survey of 1100 farm households Indian Punjab, present study examined impact COVID-19 pandemic-induced disruptions on food security and incomes. The paddy-wheat-based production system showed resilience to challenges situation. Farmers adapted effectively changed equilibrium there was no decline in production, land lease activity or cropping patterns. agricultural machinery services input supplies led rise rent prices. Agricultural wages also jumped due scarcity labour. highlights imminent threat Punjab hence national security. It that farmers may need some financial support counter effect rising costs farming. There is enhance various output markets agriculture future.